Description
Placenta growth factor 1 (PlGF-1), also known as PLGF, is a member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and a key molecule in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, in particular during embryogenesis.1 PlGF and VEGF share primary structure similarities but limited amino acid sequence homology. The expression of PlGF-1 is not widespread but has been detected in HUV endothelial cells, placenta and mammary carcinomas. The biologically active form of this protein is a disulfide-linked dimer. PlGF heterodimers are mitogens for vascular endothelial cells and are nearly as potent as VEGF homodimers, while PlGF homodimers are mitogenic for endothelial cells only at high, possibly non-physiologic concentrations. PlGF has a high affinity to Flt-1 but not to Flt-1/KDR.2 Expression of PlGF within human atherosclerotic lesions is associated with plaque inflammation and neovascular growth.3 In addition, recent studies have shown that PlGF-1 may be a potential regulation target for the control of diabetic retinal and macular oedema.4 PlGF deficiency diminishes and abbreviates inflammatory responses, and reduces inflammatory angiogenesis and edema formation.5